How do they fool Google Search.

Hello, Today I searched "udacity ripper" in Google and I got 3 Tricky results in the first page. Those sites has no content I guess, only they are redirecting to another website. In the google results it shows a general url but when clicked it takes to Udemy site. May be they are doing affiliate for Udemy but, How do they fool Google? Can anyone tell me what kind of tricks/techniques they used to rank in the 1st page? I attached a screenshot of the 3 sites, marked in red.