1) Can you outrank other websites that have high DA, by having a high PA (With better content)
It depends on the nature of keyword and type of websites you have. Let me briefly explain you the type of keywords and how Google behaves with them.
i) News-Oriented Keywords (Top-Trend Keywords like ISIS, Obama, Celebrity Name which are being searched heavily by people can get you to compete with your competitors on news oriented sites, blogs and discussion forums).
ii) Question-Oriented Keywords (Keywords starting from What, How, Why etc. can easily competed through High Authority blogs, discussion forums, Yahoo Answers, WikiHow etc.
iii) Commercial Informative Keywords (Highly competitive medical terms like Diabetes treatment occupied by sites like web-md are not easily to compete unless you become authority and manually recognized by Google to compete them)
iv) Pure Commercial keywords (There were times when people could do churn and burn on keywords like Sell Homes, Payday Loans, buy viagra but today you have to spends thousands of bucks to compete the top 10 competitions and still no guarantee of results).
v) Shopping-Oriented Keywords (These can be competed by micro-targeted e-commerce sites but would take at least 5-6 months with constant updation of the size of your site, if you want to outrank amazon.com)
To analyze your keyword, you need to analyze the websites ranking on top 10 positions:
- The type of pages (blog, news, thread etc.) in SERP results
- Do we have Youtube, Rebelmouse or any other Parasite site among the top 10? (If yes, then you have a chance to rank as well).
- What are the size of domains ranking on first page?
- Do we have exact match or phrase match domains ranking on top results?
- Whether most of the ranked pages are inner pages of High Authority domains?
- The age of the ranked page (For how long it has been existed or when it was posted)
- The velocity of the backlinks it had acquired by the passage of time.
- The unique number of referring domains and the type of backlinks.
- And most importantly their social shares.
2) If you write better and longer content than the Top 10 results, is it a little easier to rank with fewer links?
Only if your post (money-page) gets viral in social media more than the ones in your competitions with better backlinks in terms of quantity, quality and competitive speed of their acquisition.
3) Can you out rank sites with DA of 70+? I know it would take a lot of work but how long could it take?
4-6 Months. Depending upon the above factors.
4) Whats the highest DA site that you have outranked? How long did it take?
Again not a big deal if you consider the above given factors. Its easy to outrank Youtube, Amazon, Rebelmouse, NYTimes many DA: 50+ Sites. It may not be easy to outrank WikiPedia on competitive keywords and grab its FIRST SPOT. I have seen it in very few cases but could not experience it myself.