To my mind, they only use GA "global" datas to analyze behaviors on websites, and then, to improve their algorithms.
But I don't think Google can penalize a specific website because of its poor Bounce Rate on Google Analytics.
Maybe I'm wrong.. but since they do not have datas for every websites, I do not imagine they can penalize a website using GA only.
Google, with Chrome, can have a lot of free stats on every websites. So they would use this kind of data prior.