Q: how much can be tracked past a referrer link?

I send traffic from my site through a button click with a redirect link --> mysite. com/goto affiliate link

1. can the affiliate program manager see which other sites from my website they have visited before the went to the redirect link? I am obviously not interested in that.

2. If i link to that redirect link from instagram - will the affiliate program manager be able to see that the referrer is instagram or just my website?

3. Also, is it considered cloaking if if I hide the redirect link and exclude the redirect link/post in the sitemap on the home page, categories, author pages and internal search results?
will google give a penalty for this behavior?

I hope someone can help, thanks a lot guys!!

best and have a nice weekend...

Affiliate network cannot see your traffic source if you are using their link with redirect.