this is the basic outline of the procedure I use when starting a new SEO project for a client it is by no means complete but a good starting point to hit all the high notes 
TClient Interview
-Seed keywords
-How they convert traffic
-Where they would like to be ideally
2) Keyword research, (Report Summary, including backlink data, # of searches etc.)
-Report Summary
-Report Keywords
-Local
-Broad/Phrase/Exact
3) Tracking configuration (Analytics, Goals, etc)
-Create analytics account
-Insert Analytics code
-Configure monthly reporting
4) Web Master Tools Creation (Yahoo, Bing, and Google)
-Create Google Webmaster Tools Account
-Create Yahoo Site Explorer account
-Create Bing Webmaster Tools account
5) Create Google LBL (Local Business Listing)
-Create Listing (get, hours, payment types, and categories from customer)
-Verify Listing with post card to customers address
6) On-page analysis, where can improvements be made, keyword placement.
-check for proper headings
-check for keyword in first 100 words
-check for keyword in image alt tags
-check for keyword in image filename (keyword.jpg)
-check for keyword in bold, italic or list items
-check to ensure keyword shows up at least twice on the page
7) Meta tag analysis, are there proper meta tags, titles, descriptions etc
-Make sure title keyword order and meta keywords are the same
-Verify keyword is in Meta description
-Find out ICBM, and geo tags data for meta data
8) URL and linking structure analysis. (Internal and external links, keywords in URL)
-If possible create URL?s containing keywords
-No more than two directories deep
-No more than 2 parameters in URL?s
-Make sure not leaking page rank with too many out bound links or two from internal.
9) Create Sitemap
-Submit site map to Google
-submit site map to yahoo
10) (Optional) Directory Submissions (Paid and Non-Paid)
-Create directory description cheat sheet
-Submit to free directories
-Submit to paid directories
11) (All along) Link Building
-Web 2.0 Profiles
-Articles
-Forum Links
-Proper Blog Comments
TClient Interview
-Seed keywords
-How they convert traffic
-Where they would like to be ideally
2) Keyword research, (Report Summary, including backlink data, # of searches etc.)
-Report Summary
-Report Keywords
-Local
-Broad/Phrase/Exact
3) Tracking configuration (Analytics, Goals, etc)
-Create analytics account
-Insert Analytics code
-Configure monthly reporting
4) Web Master Tools Creation (Yahoo, Bing, and Google)
-Create Google Webmaster Tools Account
-Create Yahoo Site Explorer account
-Create Bing Webmaster Tools account
5) Create Google LBL (Local Business Listing)
-Create Listing (get, hours, payment types, and categories from customer)
-Verify Listing with post card to customers address
6) On-page analysis, where can improvements be made, keyword placement.
-check for proper headings
-check for keyword in first 100 words
-check for keyword in image alt tags
-check for keyword in image filename (keyword.jpg)
-check for keyword in bold, italic or list items
-check to ensure keyword shows up at least twice on the page
7) Meta tag analysis, are there proper meta tags, titles, descriptions etc
-Make sure title keyword order and meta keywords are the same
-Verify keyword is in Meta description
-Find out ICBM, and geo tags data for meta data
8) URL and linking structure analysis. (Internal and external links, keywords in URL)
-If possible create URL?s containing keywords
-No more than two directories deep
-No more than 2 parameters in URL?s
-Make sure not leaking page rank with too many out bound links or two from internal.
9) Create Sitemap
-Submit site map to Google
-submit site map to yahoo
10) (Optional) Directory Submissions (Paid and Non-Paid)
-Create directory description cheat sheet
-Submit to free directories
-Submit to paid directories
11) (All along) Link Building
-Web 2.0 Profiles
-Articles
-Forum Links
-Proper Blog Comments