From my experience, there are a few shortcuts that can move rankings faster, but they usually work because of timing and structure, not magic tricks. Things like using very focused domains (including EMDs in the past), pushing freshness signals, tightening internal linking aggressively, or leveraging already-trusted platforms can give quick lifts.
That said, these approaches tend to work best short-term or as a test. I’ve seen them bring fast movement, but they need follow-up work to hold positions. The wins usually come from understanding why Google reacts quickly in those cases, not just repeating the tactic blindly.
Fast gains are possible — keeping them is the real challenge.