The answer isn't in front of your face although it is there if you search the G Analytics site, as long as you know what to search FOR.
If the route from your site to example.com goes through a link that's placed on your site, yes it's possible. If the visitors just browse to example.com, there's no way of knowing except for using one of the big services that claims to be able to estimate what sites are visited together .... Compete, Nielsen, Comscore.
The two ways of knowing are:
1) Get example.com to put YOUR Google Analytics tag on their landing page. Of course, you'll pick up a lot of hits going to that page from sources other than your site.
2) Program the link to example.com so that when it experiences an onclick or ondown event, it fires the Google Analytics tag and passes information to the tag about which exit link was clicked on.
For the latter, Google says they have instructions for it, but I haven't looked at them in months. The tag I use (for another tool, WebTrends) automatically senses off-site clicks and records them, so I never needed to learn the reprogram-every-link method. I think you'll find the solution without trouble in the GA help site - try searching on "off-site links" or even "ondown" or "onclick". Or maybe somebody here has the info.
