What happened to this website ?

Hello, in your opinion, what can be the reason of this huge traffic peak and then of this huge traffic drop? Usually, what kind of black hat SEO techniques are using websites to do that ?

Because they didn't have any relevant backlinks, so I don't undertand what happened... What do you think ?

Updates can easily do that even if you think you are 100% "white-hat". Especially Core updates.

There was a Core update in November 2021.

the domain had 1.1k backlinks from only 8 domains.

got hit by update from crappy links.

the traFFIC HE WAS GETTING IS NOT ALOT AND NOT A SIGNIFICANT loss