First of all, thank you very much for a detailed answer!
I have been in the SEO game for a while, but pintrest seem to be a bit foggy, but this certaintly cleared the sky.
Basically, a board is an article that you want to rank for a keyword, and you want to optimize that board with relevant keywords etc to rank it
No worries,
Yes for sure, your background in chasing the serps will be beneficial if you start looking at Pinterest as a serp or "Search Engine" itself.
While it does depend on your approach to Pinterest and pinning or how you will go about this.
The basics when using 1 Business account, Rich Pins, and a "Normal" pinning schedule are pretty straightforward.
You would simply optimize your domain/posts as you normally would.
Ensure Open Graph is up to allow Pinterest to pull meta info for posts. (Yoast does this)
Create a Pinterest Business account with keyword-rich Name/Bio (Look at others in your niche)
Create some boards with Kw rich titles and descriptions (Highly important)
Claim domain & enable rich pins. (Plenty of guides on how to do this all over the place)
Begin posting Pins with keyword-rich description and point to domain posts. (With Rich pins enabled it will pull titles and SEO description from domain)
One caveat here is the importance of letting a new Pinterest account "Warm".
Here I mean don't just dive in posting pins directed at your domain, make some boards and repin some others pins. Not surprisingly this can actually help the Pinterest algo figure out and categorize your boards early on.
I normally do this then let them sit 1-2 days before messing with my own links for pins.
In terms of ranking, you basically rank with engagement similar to how Google serp rewards CTR.
By continually being seen amongst your chosen board keywords, pin keywords and repinned to similar boards by other people. You will slowly get traction and climb.
One big factor people also overlook is Pins being made by other people from your domain articles directly.
This is likely one of the larger signals being sent to Pinterest, so be sure to make use of the social sharing options you have available. Or just generally use a lot of images in posts.
The next step is just making articles and images that speak to people or collect engagement.
Anyway mate, hope this helps.