Noob question about backlinks

I googled this but had conflicting answers so i thought id ask the experts,

I have several different sections of my website all with different keywords that im trying to get good rankings for. If I try and get backlinks for my homepage will the juice trickle over to the other sections enabling them to rank higher for their prospective keywords?

I figured id just amalgamate all my keywords in contextual links to point to my homepage, some of the keywords are common to all pages