So my question is, is there any website like this one but where a hacker would go to sell the information they just stole? I wouldn't want to go there but I just think it's weird that I have no knowledge about it.
Yes.
I was so very tempted to just leave my response at that.
Typically speaking there are individual, group, and nation state actors who attack networks/systems. Specific to your question:
Individuals
Individuals may target a site for intrigue, spite, profit, or randomly. Just as each site has a different target audience, often the data stolen from each site has a different target audience as well. The exception to this tends to be marketers. *ehem* The other exception may be entities who want to grow their "networks" (systems to which they have access). If an individual is targeting a site out of intrigue, it may just to learn or see how deep they can get. If they are targeting a site out of spite, they may publish the findings in an effort to embarrass the target and perhaps weaken them. If an individual is targeting a site for profit, they *should* have a buyer lined up in advance, or they may be confident the data will sell. If it is a random target, then the attacker may adjust what they do with the data based on the target and the data found.
Groups
Groups tend to target sites for the exact same reasons as individuals.
Nation States
Nation States do whatever they want for whatever reasons they justify to themselves.
Where do these groups trade data? Usually in the so called dark web. Fire up Tor to begin your journey. The trick though is knowing where certain types of goods/services are traded. For instance, just knowing there is a community of people out there who buy credit card data is great but if you do not know where exactly they do their trading you are on the outside. Typically, wherever you are finding resources for doing things there are souls who know where the trading is happening. So, if you want to buy Instagram accounts, then BHW may be a great place to find them! Same thing with credit card data, or whatever data. (Although my BHW is kinda not a good one, but hopefully you get the intent.) There are various channels/sites/locations to trade whatever your mind can imagine.
Trading is by no means limited to the so called dark web. Trading could happen inside games, discord, BHW, craigslist, the library, wherever may fit the trade.
Consider this, I know someone who sells crypto to people who do not know anything about crypto. He gets cash and they get crypto. He meets people in-person and sells them crypto. He also sells crypto to people who most definitely know about crypto and are most likely using it to shuffle their deck. He is just a regular looking guy who meets people at coffee shops!
If you want to stay a "regular guy" but you want to learn more about this, I highly recommend you check out the podcast, "Darknet Diaries." Start at the oldest/first episode and work your way to the current episodes. It will be a great education for you. Be careful not to get bit by any bugs though and delve into the nonsense yourself.
Stay Regular.