I'm a SEO newbie, how to avoid toxic Backlinks?

I have a new website that I want to rank it on google and other search engines. It’s a common understanding that bad links could affect my ranking. How do you put bad links into a site? I assume this is the same thing as a backlink? If so, how do I avoid backlinks being put on my site?

"Relevancy"
Discover back links from relevant business websites
like if you have business on App development, then get back links from the App development related websites.