If the provider doesn't have a post termination backup policy (very few does), then you wouldn't be able to retrieve the data from them.
If you have a backup on your own, you can restore it. (cPanel makes it easy for the end user to generate and download the backup and it is a must do, after all it is your living we are talking about and it is to be taken very seriously)
Ultimately, you don't have any backup nor does your provider, in which case the last solution is to retrieve your website content through google cache.
Site:http:///www.mydomain.com and click on the option Cached page.