Do you mean if I share my home page url at 40 different sites (with do follow) then that would count as only 40 backlinks? Even if I share more different articles, my backlinks won't increase as it's from the same IP?yeah, you can more links on your blog, but backlink counts only 1 because your IP's same.
when you build backlinks try to get more different IP's that will help to rank your money site ASAP
created a new article that leads to that page ?You can but why not change the links from homepage to that page, which you are trying to rank.( More power more fun).
if I add a new article to the inner page, will it increase its ranking?you can create 100 backlinks from one domain but that has only one unique IP. So now your backlinks count -1 from that domain whatever inter-page or home page
so if you go for different domains you will get different IP's so it will boost your rank as well as count will be increase