How to climb the last positions?

There is something in google seo that is very difficult for me and that is to have a url in position 3, 5 or 10...basically in the first page and finish taking it to position number 1.

I need you to please tell me how I have to do it but I don't ask for a trick but to understand the exact process I have to follow to climb those last positions.

Thank you very much for your time.

it's usually a matter of backlinks. Whoever has more, and better backlinks, stays up top for longer.... assuming that everything else is OK with your site, of course (site structure, topical authority, content quality and optimization, etc etc...)

Check out this guide on how to properly structure your site for maximum impact:
https://www.blackhatworld.com/seo/seo-siloing-2023-the-last-siloing-guide-youll-ever-need.1502244/

That is there the overall SEO speaks.
If a site with certain metrics and backlinks is somewhere on the SERP, has the competitor with metrics or features higher than you ranks on Top serp.
So the trick or easy method is to check the competitor's site and try to match yours with that, in terms of backlinks, page speed, content quality, etc

It mostly depends on the keyword competitiveness. If you are writing on keywords that are already covered by big publications, you are most likely not going to beat them.

So, instead find low competitive keywords for which there are only a few articles on the first page.