This doesn't surprise me much, Luminati is a clown show of a service in general. This is the same place that is selling proxies to be "anonymous", but then asks their customers for drivers licenses and even a utility bill sometimes. Lolol! I was cracking up when I saw them pop up here with a BST. They were one of the first ones to try the "pay for bandwidth" model, and judging by the way I've seen them spamming marketing forums the last 6 months or so, they're not doing so well with it. I suspect they would've been much more successful if they just did unlimited bandwidth like the 95% of other residential providers do, and have done, for the last 10-15 years, but to each their own. I can at least understand charging for mobile bandwidth since a lot of mobile carriers still do charge for bw themselves, but regular residential limits are so high that it's just greedy and silly to try and do it there.
None of that is even remotely as sketchy as what the OP is suggesting. If that's true that could be a pretty big deal, because if Google knew that the IPs were from them and being used to scrape, they would then be able to monitor how the bots and users running them behave and work so they can take additional measures to block them in the future.