Not sure what you are asking.
If you have 10k keyword pointing to SiteA with anchor text "Apples", after 301 those links are pointing to SiteB.
So now you have almost 10K links pointing to SiteB with anchor text "Apples".
Which keyword your site is associated depends upon the content on your site as well the total number of backlinks with anchor text. Example if you don't have any anchor text pointing to SiteB, other than the 301 redirected ones from SiteA, then you won't rank for the keyword "money". But if you have 100k keywords with "money" as the anchor text, the additional backlinks from the 301 redirection will help eventhough the anchor text is apples.