Not really. That action against Google is different. First of all, there was not any deliberate intention to damage websites that are in compliance with Google's ToS. It was merely a colateral when company was trying to "improve" the search engine. Plus, they can prove anytime, even make that up, that someone did some SEO, which is against their ToS and thus they are not liable for any damage.
On the other hand, negative SEO is deliberately sabotaging someone elses business as a third party.
I will use this comparison:
You are driving in the winter through town, but there was an ice on road and due to that you hit the pole. You can sue the town for not cleaning the ice (Google), but they will tell you that you should have driven more carefully in these conditions and they did as much as they could. Thus not held liable for the damages.
While the other case is like simply driving through a town in summer, speeding and hitting someone's car. Your action was intentionally illegal (speeding) and you caused damage to the third party. The fact that it was done on the road that belongs to the town (Google) does not matter.
Tad farfetched, but the analogies aren't half bad if I might say so! Though in the second one, it would be better if you deliberately hit someone, but hey, it's an example.
PS: Mourinho sucks.