Parasite SEO is basically when you piggyback on another domain’s (strong) authority to give your own site a boost in the rankings. For example: posting an article on Medium or dropping a page on a Google site and pointing it at your page so the host's authority flows through the link to you and helps you rank higher.
It still works (btw I love the exploit posted above

). When I do it myself, I treat the page with the same care I’d give one on my money site (good content, proper setup, the whole shebang) so it passes for white hat while still quietly juicing up mywebsite.
Edited to add: Same goes with Google sites; lots of people say they don’t work, but that’s usually because they throw up a one pager stuffed with links to their money sites. If you build them like a legit site (good UX, about us, some longer posts including a couple with zero links to your money sites only to legit respected places like WSJ or the SEC) they last way longer and still push juice quietly.
TL;DR: give them TLC and they’ll still work fine.