If there is a sudden spike of links, you might get sandboxed for a while, but if the links keep coming, and they don't trip the bot/spam logic, then your site will eventually get out of the sandbox, and rank really well.
If you want to avoid the initial drop, ramp your linking up somewhat naturally, and stagger it a bit. After a period of steady growth, you can start increasing it faster, because a site will tend to explode, at least for a while, once it reaches critical mass.