depends on your definition of "track"
if you mean, do they have acceess to that info,then yes of course they can see that, even the advertiser can see that info from the moment you arrive at the advertisers site. any server logs will show that info, actually, even if they dont look for it specifically.
now, as to whether or not affiliate networks "look into it", well, if you give them a reason to, im sure they will look deeper into your stuff, or if the advertiser complains. they may also run reports to look for specific things if they really want to. but that doesnt necessarily mean they will. every network is different. ive come to find that they like to earn money too, and if they have no reason to make any waves they usually dont.
but dont risk what you cant afford to lose and tread lightly