You can, but you need to make sure that your visitors country matches up to the amazon affiliate ID.
If you have amazon.com affiliate, and you write a japanse blog, then your visitors will probably be from japan, and they should be re-directed to amazon.jp
There are some cases this doesn't hold true, as certain movies can only be bought on amazon.com, so even japanese people will still order there, so depending what your selling take that into account.