I don't think there's any hard 50 % threshold where Google suddenly decides to neutralize a domain. SpamBrain looks at broader patterns of link spam, and in many cases the ranking benefit is simply ignored algorithmically, while more obvious link schemes can still lead to manual actions.
The bigger issue is whether the site is basically selling followed links across unrelated niches without using the appropriate sponsored attributes. If Google sees a site as existing mainly to pass link equity, those links can lose their value regardless of whether they make up 20% , 50% or 80% of the site's pages